Table 1

Institutional procedural values

ValueThe decision-making process must…
FairnessPromote a just distribution of resources, as well as just access to resources
Agility/efficiencyBe agile and flexible, adapting to the changing situation as it unfolds
RelevanceBe based on reasons/criteria fair-minded people can agree are relevant and be carried out by people who are credible and accountable.
Publicity/transparencyBe an open and transparent process, which enables affected stakeholders to appreciate and understand the rationale for allocation decisions. Decisions and reasons for decisions/criteria should be communicated to stakeholders, including patients/families and the public (as appropriate).
RevisionBe recorded and iteratively revised based on emerging information, and stakeholder concerns, for example, there must be formal mechanisms to bring forward new information to appeal or raise concerns about particular allocation decisions and to resolve disputes.
Empowerment/inclusivenessBe explicitly centred on stakeholder views, and meaningfully involve stakeholders whenever possible.
Enforcement/accountabilityEnsure that decision-makers are answerable for their actions and inactions to ensure that these fair process principles are sustained. The defence of decisions should be grounded in evidence, in contextual awareness, and in the ethical values and principles identified.
TrustEnhance trust by upholding the process values enumerated above. In particular, ongoing communication with stakeholders and adherence to values/principles is essential to engendering trust.
SolidarityBuild, preserve and strengthen interprofessional, interinstitutional and intersectoral collaboration and mutual support, recognising the intrinsic interdependencies of programmes and sites, as well as that of the hospital system with other health and social services.